Music Preferences - 957 Words

What physiological, psychological and social factors influence our musical preferences? Music refers to the art or science of combining vocal or instrumental sounds (or both) to produce beauty of form, harmony, and expression of emotion; however individuals differ in their preference of music. Development studies estimate that the auditory system of a foetus is fully functioning at around 20 weeks of pregnancy; at this point the foetus is able to the mother’s heartbeat and is able to recognise other sounds. In past there has been an increased interest in foetal perception and cognition. In a cross-cultural survey of maternal knowledge and beliefs concerning foetal development conducted in France and Canada, investigators†¦show more content†¦These different factors combined suggest why different people like different times of music and on reason alone cannot answer why we have musical preferences. References Arnett, J.J. 2002. The sounds of sex: Sex in teens’ music and music videos. In Sexual teens, sexual media: Investigating media’s inï ¬â€šuence on adolescent sexuality, ed. J.D. Brown, J.R. Steele, and K. Walsh-Childers, 253–64. London: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Cunningham, S. J., Downie, S. J., amp; Bainbridge, D. (2005). â€Å"The Pain, The Pain†: Modelling music information behaviour and the songs we hate. Proceedings of the ISMIR 2005, 6th International Conference on Music Information Retrieval , London , UK . Kisilevsky, B.S., Beti, M., Hains, S.M.J., amp; Lecanuet, J.-P. (2001). Pregnant women’s knowledge and beliefs about fetal sensory development. Poster presented at the 10th European Conference on Developmental Psychology, Uppsala, Sweden. Klein, J.D., J.D. Brown, J. Walsh-Childers, J. Oliveri, C. Porter, and C. Dykers. 1993. Adolescents’ risky behaviour and mass media use. Pediatrics 92, no. 1: 24 – 31. Kisilevsky, B.S., Pang, L., amp; Hains, S.M.J. (2000). Maturation of human fetal responses to airborne sound in low- and high-riskShow MoreRelatedHow And Why Are Music And Emotion Linked?2939 Words   |  12 Pagesneed to attempt to define the concept of emotion. Emotion is rudimentarily defined as a â€Å"complex state of feeling that results in physical and psychological changes that influence thought and behaviour† (Myers, 2004). Furthermore, emotion is usually accompanied with physiological changes - but research and opinion tends to be divided on whether physiological change or emotion precedes the other. Within this, psychologists attempt to analyse whether emotions arise from judging a situation or if theyRead MoreThe Effects Of Music Therapy On Improving The Qol2971 Words   |  12 Pagesand does not depend on a specific set of individual characteristics† (as cited in Graske, Fischer, Kuhlmey, Wolf Ostermann, 2012, p. 1). Whitehouse colleagues (1997), state d that cognitive function; activities of daily living, social interactions and psychological well-being are the important components that maintain QoL (as cited in Crespo, Bernaldo de Quiros, Gomez, Hornillos, 2012) Assessing and analyzing QoL is helpful in understanding a person’s feeling with the diagnosis, their perceptionRead MoreEssay on Principles of Social Psychology3174 Words   |  13 PagesPrinciples of Social Psychology PSY 301 October 14, 2012 Principles of Social Psychology Social psychology is the understanding of an individual’s behavior in a social context. It is the scientific field that focuses on the nature and causes of that individual’s behavior in social situations. It looks at the human behavior that has been influenced by others and in the social context with which it occurred. 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Introduction †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 1 2 A Basic Condition †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Read MoreDevelopmental Psychology14082 Words   |  57 PagesVIEW OF VYGOTSKY’S SOCIOCULTURAL THEORY AND THE INFORMATION PROCESSING APPROACH WITH REGARD TO THE ISSUES UNDERLYING CHILD DEVELOPMENT * THE COURSE OF DEVELOPMENT (CONTINUOUS OR DISCONTINUOUS) * THE COURSE OF DEVELOPMENT: ONE OR MANY * FACTORS THAT DETERMINE DEVELOPMENT (NATURE/NURTURE) Introduction Child development has many theories with different ideas about what children are like and how they change. Children are beings who change physically, cognitively emotionally and socially. Read MoreDevelopmental Psychology14091 Words   |  57 PagesVIEW OF VYGOTSKY’S SOCIOCULTURAL THEORY AND THE INFORMATION PROCESSING APPROACH WITH REGARD TO THE ISSUES UNDERLYING CHILD DEVELOPMENT * THE COURSE OF DEVELOPMENT (CONTINUOUS OR DISCONTINUOUS) * THE COURSE OF DEVELOPMENT: ONE OR MANY * FACTORS THAT DETERMINE DEVELOPMENT (NATURE/NURTURE) Introduction Child development has many theories with different ideas about what children are like and how they change. Children are beings who change physically, cognitively emotionally and sociallyRead MoreSocial and Emotional Development10353 Words   |  42 PagesChild Development: Social and Emotional Development Child Development - Social and Emotional Development Introduction: As we grow older we change; these changes are most visible during infancy and childhood. From birth, babies grow larger and show noticeable development in both their social and intellectual competence. The study of age-related changes in human behaviour is referred to as developmental psychology. Child development refers to the psychological and biological changes thatRead MoreSocial and Emotional Development10365 Words   |  42 PagesChild Development: Social and Emotional Development Child Development - Social and Emotional Development Introduction: As we grow older we change; these changes are most visible during infancy and childhood. From birth, babies grow larger and show noticeable development in both their social and intellectual competence. The study of age-related changes in human behaviour is referred to as developmental psychology. Child development refers to the psychological and biological changes that occur

No Child Left Behind Act - 809 Words

The No Child Left behind Act (NCLB) has not had a positive impact on students school age students throughout senior year. â€Å"The Waiver means that schools will not be required to have 100% of students pass the state exams by 2014†. This allows studets o continue on to the next grade level without suffient test scores and compleion. (f the student is not excelling and grasping the information they should not be passed on to the next level . This is how so many developmental delays are missed, the system is mote worried about the child being left behid a grade instead of them actually meeting the criteria to pass. There us to be fines and cosequences for schools whose students did not meet requirments for test scores â€Å"Schools will no longer face sanctions or restricting upon failing to meet annual yearly rogrss targets; instead the state will implenet there own system†. What happens to those students who are passed from grade to grade with limited comprehension? T he answer is that they will lack the basic skills needed to keep up with their pier and what is need in order to graduate from highschool. Students that are not able to keep up with the classroom will be missed and the problem will not be caught early. The point of school is for the children to learn and with every new grade level the skill should increase. For those children that are just being passed to the next level they are not receiving the proper attention needed in order to eventually be able to keep up. â€Å"TheShow MoreRelatedNo Child Left Behind Act1621 Words   |  7 Pages The support for the No Child Left Behind Act plummeted down shortly after the act passed. Many people supported the act at first simply because they supported the goals of the act, once they saw the results, their opinions changed. One of the biggest arguments towards No Child Left Behind is that it is unfair. People believed the resources of difference schools were unequal, and thought the Title 1 funding that the schools received should go to ensuring all schools had equal resources. Many peopleRead MoreThe No Child Left Behind Act1670 Words   |  7 Pages Literature Review: Every Student Succeeds Act Suzanne Hatton, BSW, LSW University of Kentucky-SW 630 Abstract This literature review seeks to explore the Every Student Succeeds Act (2015), a bipartisan reauthorization and revision to the No Child Left Behind Act (2002). The Every Student Succeeds Act (ESSA) is the first law passed in fourteen years to address Reneeded changes to the No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB). Considered progressive and innovative at the time of itsRead MoreThe No Child Left Behind Act2120 Words   |  9 PagesWhen President George W. 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The No Child Left Behind Act was the latest reauthorization of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965, a federal education bill addressing the nation’s schools. At his signing ceremony, Bush stated, â€Å"There’s no greater challenge than to make sure that every child—and all of us on this stage mean every child, not just a few children—every single child, regardless of where they live, how they’reRead MoreThe No Child Left Behind Act Essay921 Words   |  4 Pagesuccessful at it. (Source 7) Next, the â€Å"No Child left behind Act† it was signed by President George W. Bush and it passed with bipartisan support on Jan. 8, 2002. This Act states that there will be mandated annual testing in the subject reading and math and science. In the grades 3-8 and 10th grade. It shows the Adequate Yearly Progress of each school in the system of the United States. (source 1) The biggest point of this Act is that no child is â€Å"trapped in a failing school† (source 1). That eachRead MoreThe No Child Left Behind Act1592 Words   |  7 PagesThe No Child Left Behind Act was the biggest educational step taken by president Bush and his administration. Its main goal included the increase of achievement in education and completely eliminate the gap between different racial and ethnic groups. Its strategies had a major focus on uplifting test scores in schools, hiring â€Å"highly qualified teachers† and deliver choices in education. Unluckily, the excessive demands of the law have not succeeded in achieving the goals that were set, and have causedRead MoreNo Child Left Behind Act1747 Words   |  7 PagesNo Child Left Behind Introduction The No Child Left Behind Act (NALB) was signed into law by the former President of the United States George Walker Bush on the 8th of January 2002. It was a congressional attempt to encourage student achievement through some reforms focused on elementary and secondary education programs in the United States. 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Dj Party Free Essays

string(63) " on IUB students because Dj party is very much popular in IUB\." Report on DJ culture impact on IUB students Figure 1 : Likeness of the DJ party-10 Figure 2 : Popularity of Dj Party-10 Figure 3 : Perception about Dj party-11 Figure 4 : How often people goes to Dj party-12 Figure 5 : Is it good for IUB students-13 Figure 6 : Effects of Dj Party-13 Figure 7 : About banning Dj Party-14 Figure 8 : Bring dirtiness in our society-15 Abstract The aims and objectives of this report is to identify, describe and produce an analysis on necessity of Dj party impact on IUB students means is it affecting the IUB students in proper way or creating a disaster? This will provide a common understanding about Dj party; find out how IUB students react to it and whether it is good or bad for our IUB environment and the society. Our main purpose of this report is to let you know are the DJ parties in Bangladesh influencing the IUB students in a discipline or a disaster. First of all we will let you know about the DJ party in Bangladesh by giving you thorough information about the DJs and the DJ parties in Bangladesh including the DJ parties organized in IUB. We will write a custom essay sample on Dj Party or any similar topic only for you Order Now Then we will give descriptive information about the DJ parties held in Bangladesh and which DJ parties’ students prefer to attend. Later we will discuss about the methodology where in this segment, we will discuss on the procedure of collecting information for the project. The whole data collection process has been divided in to two sections, primary and secondary section. Later we will deliver the findings of our report where we have done a survey of 50 IUB students and through which we got a better idea of the student’s opinion. In this finding we ask the students some questions that are related to the impact of the DJ parties. At first we ask the likeness of the DJ parties following this question we have asked how often the students go to DJ parties. Then through questionnaires we get the information about the effect of DJ parties on our IUB students. Following that we get the information whether DJ parties should be banned from our society. Later we get the information are DJ parties bringing dirtiness in our society and the environment of IUB. Through the questionnaires we get detail information about the report through which we can get a descriptive findings. Finally we finish the report with a informative conclusion. Later including a recommendation through where we get the information. Table of Contents |Sl. No. Description |Page | |1 |Introduction |7 | |2 |Methodology |8 | |3 |Findings |10 | |4 |Conclusion |16 | |5 |Recommendations |17 | |6 |Appendix |19 | Introduction Dj party is a very new tradition in Bangladesh. It’s a new way entertainment in Bangladesh. Even about 5 year ago there are very few people were conscious about Dj party. Gradually the situation of Bangladesh regarding Dj party has been changed. Now days, most of the people of Bangladesh are now aware about Dj party, gradually Dj party has become a common form/way of entertainment. Now a day Dj party is occurring every where in Bangladesh like corporate organization, university function, 5 star hotels, theme park like Nandon, Fantasy kingdom, Foyez lake etc. There are lots of new Dj’s are coming out day by day in Bangladesh from the new generation. They are highly talented and they have the music knowledge as well. The party or club DJ is a place where lots of people gathered and enjoying the Dj’s music by dancing. Dj party is always very crowded and noisy. Here, the DJ must be the life of the party, the MC, the shining star that makes the event. This type of a DeeJaying is not for the timid or shy. This may sound like the hardest, but relating to a live audience with instant feedback is actually the easiest. Methodology In this segment, we will discuss on the procedure of collecting information for the project. The whole data collection process has been divided in to two sections, primary and secondary section. Primary section In this section the data has been collected through a survey on more than 50 individuals on 8th and 15h April 2010. The questionnaire is based on two types of method – †¢ Qualitative †¢ Quantitative This data was obtained through a questionnaire concerning the following issues: ? DJ party and its effects on IUB students’ personal life ? DJ party and its effects on IUB students’ social life ? DJ party and its effects on corporate life Finally the conclusive evaluation on DJ party impact on IUB. The data was collected from a diverse group of students, staffs and professionals from Independent University, Bangladesh. Secondary Section In this section the data has been collected through different Print, Electronic and Online media given below: Print media: ? The Daily Star ? The Daily Prothom Alo ? The Daily New Age ? The Daily Amar Desh Electronic media: ? RTV ? Bangla vision ? BBC World ? CNN ? Sky News On-line media: ? Google. com ? Facebook ? Wikipedia ? CNN Online ? Prothom Alo online Edition These data were used to build up the base of the report as well as giving the report its current form. Findings: We have done a survey with 50 IUB students randomly within IUB to find out about necessity of Dj party and the things they like about Dj party, the things do not like about Dj party and impacts of Dj party on our society etc. We have done our survey on university students because Dj is the most popular among universities and high school students that means the young generation. From the survey, we have found the following information about Dj party, we also analyze the information: Likeness of the DJ party This section represents the popularity of DJ party in Bangladesh and the IUB students. It also evaluates the current situation of DJ party especially the IUB students of Bangladesh. We also divide the male and female regarding the likings of DJ party. Figure:1 Figure: 2 Figure : 3 [pic] We have done our survey on IUB students because Dj party is very much popular in IUB. You read "Dj Party" in category "Papers" Figure: 1 show that about 70% students like Dj party and 20% students have given negative opinion about Dj party and the remaining people are neutral about Dj party. They don’t like Dj party for several reasons like: †¢ It is still a new form of entertainment in our country. †¢ Lack of discipline in Dj party. †¢ Highly expensive ticket. Figure: 2 Show that likeliness of Dj party between male and female students. According to the survey, we have found 100 students from that 70% of male and 30% female students like Dj party. The percentage of female students regarding Dj party is lower because of following reasons: †¢ Restriction from religion †¢ Restriction from family †¢ Middle class girls are generally conservative Figure: 3 show the perception about Dj party among the IUB students. According to the figure 3 we can see 20% of student says awesome, 50% says good and 30% of students says dirty about Dj party. How often people goes to Dj party Dj party still not so popular yet in Bangladesh. Few years ago some people even do not know about Dj party. But now days, people has started to go DJ parties. Figure : 4 [pic] Figure: 4 say that 45% of student goes to Dj party once in month, 35% of student do not go to Dj party. 5% of students go to Dj party once in a week. Students want to spend more time with their friends with some sort of entertainment like music, drama, dancing, and singing. More over now days, couples want to go spend some personal time with entertainment and Dj party suited th em very much because there is crowd lots of space, darkness etc. Effect on IUB students IUB students can be divided into some classes as like: †¢ Upper class †¢ Upper middle class †¢ Middle class Figure : 5 Figure : 6 Figure 5 shows 80% people are disagree with the term that Dj party is good for our IUB students and 20% people agree with this term. We will find the reason in figure: 6. it shows that from Dj lover 65% are from upper middle class 25% and 10% are from middle class as because middle class people are higher in IUB and they are not so interested about Dj party we get the higher proportion of disagreeing that Dj party is go for IUB students. Should Dj party be banned in our country? Dj party is a place where people gather and enjoying the Dj music by dancing Dj party is always very crowed and noisy. As Bangladesh is a Muslim oriented country and there are many religion restrictions about dance and music that’s why we get different opinion about banning Dj party. Figure : 7 [pic] Figure: 7 show that 40% students are in favor of Dj party. They don’t want to stop Dj party because they think it’s a social meeting and new form of entertainment. People can enjoy the time with any bounds 35% students in natural position, they left these issues to the government because this is a complicated issue and lots of people do like Dj party. So they don’t want to give personal opinion about this issue. 25% students think Dj party should be banned from the society. Because they thought it brings dirtiness, no discipline and spoils our young generation and waste of money. It doesn’t match to our culture. Bring dirtiness in our society Our culture is very much conservative. People are devotional and religious. They don’t prefer environment where male and female gather together and dancing together. Figure 8 [pic] According to the survey, figure: 8 shows 75% of student thinks that Dj party brings dirtiness in our cutlers because it gives birth of vulgarity in our society. There are no dress codes for girl as a result girl wears such kind of dresses which makes the boys crazy. Moreover, the entertainment is very much suitable for all kind of provocative activities. About 15% of students are not sure about this issue because they know that it brings dirtiness. But still they like it. They think dirtiness is one kind of enjoyment. About 10% of the student says no about this issue. That means they think Dj party is not bring any kind of dirtiness. The reason behind this is they like this kind of modern culture and they are quite familiar about that culture. They don’t consider it as dirtiness because they are living with this kind of situation. They don’t consider it so dirtiness because they are living with this kind of situation. Conclusion Dj party is a good way of new entertainment in Bangladesh. The popularity of Dj party is known worldwide and people are aware of what Dj party is and what it does. From our survey we saw that its popularity is getting higher day by day. We made our survey of 50 students in IUB and we found most of the people like Dj party. But they all were worried about the impact of Dj party in our own culture. They suggest that if Dj party can deals with our own songs, then it will be much more accepted. In our survey, we saw that even though, most of the people like it but some of them said they do not like Dj party that much because they are very aware of our culture. They think Dj parties are hampering our culture very badly and giving birth of dirtiness in our society. Many people go to the Dj party very frequently; they spend their time keeping in touch with their friends by entertainment. They like spending the time with singing, dancing etc. Our country haven’t have many way of entertaining. So, people find it very enjoyable way of entertainment. But they don’t know that in the name of entertainment they are actually forgetting our own culture day by day as our cultural assets are not shown in these parties. For the reason of going very frequently in Dj parties they are becoming undisciplined in their practical life as there are no disciple in Dj parties. So, to conclude we can say that Dj party is very recent object in our country. We have very strong disciplined culture of our own. We have vast amount of musical assets as well. If Dj parties can remove the dirtiness, maintain the discipline and keep our culture live in the party, then it will be the one of the best ways of entertainment for everybody in our country. Recommendations: The following recommendations are made to improve the Dj parties ? Make some discipline at Dj parties. ? Should have some dress code. ? Smoking and drinking should be banned from Dj party. ? There should be age limit for the students. ? Dirtiness should be removed. We should keep our social norms and ethics. ? Dj can use our cultural songs so that our culture can be represent in a new way. ? Make a monitoring board for controlling Dj parties. References: References ? www. Google. om (last visited 16h April) ? CNN online. com (last visited 16h April) ? Sky News online edition (last visited 16h April) ? Prothom Alo Online edition (last visited 16h April) ? BBC online. com (last visited 16h April) ? The Daily Star online edition (last visited 16h April) ? elc. polyu. edu. hk/C iLL/reports. tm (last visited 16h April) ? ic. arizona. edu/~profcomm/writing/samples/report (last visited 16h April) Appendix: Sample questionnaire: [pic] Independent University Bangladesh (IUB) Survey on Do you want Dj parties more in IUB? Name: †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. Sex: M/F Age: †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. Education: †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. Occupation :†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. Marital status: †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Locality:†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. Please give a tick on the right option |Do you like DJ party? |Do you like to spend more time with your friends in Dj | | |parties? | | | |Yes |Yes | |No |No | | | | | | | |Do you love to listen Dj war? |How many times do you go to a Dj party in your life so | | |far? Age 18 – 24) | |Yes | | |No |0 – 5 | |Sometimes |5 – 10 | | |10 – 15 | | |More | |How frequently do yo u go to Dj parties? |Dj party is: | |Once in a week | | |Twice in week |Awesome | |Once in a month |Very good | |I don’t go to Dj parties Good | | |Dirty | |Dj party is good for IUB students? |Dj party should be banned in our country. | | |Off course NOT | |Agree |Should be banned | |Disagree |It’s up to govt. | |May be | | |Dj parties bring dirtiness in our culture. |What do you want in a Dj party? | |Classified DJ mix | |Yes |No dirtiness | |No |Classical music | |May be |Wide open venue | |Who cares | | Question 11 to 14 estimates the stage of your preference regarding the Dj parties. |5= Strongly Agree 4= Agree 3=Strongly Disagree 2= Disagree 1= Neutral |5 |4 |3 |2 |1 | |11. |DJ parties are necessary for the entertainment? | | | | | | |12. |Dj parties are the only way of entertainment? | | | | | | |13. |Do you think Dj parties are really essential for the corporate parties? | | | | | | |14 |Now a days Dj parties are giving birth of vulgarity/filthiness in our society. | | | | | | |Your opinion about Dj party in IUB: | ———————– [pic] [pic] [pic] How to cite Dj Party, Papers

Oliver (817 words) Essay Example For Students

Oliver (817 words) Essay OliverTwist By DickensThe story of an orphan boy without the easy life dares to take on theworld in his many journeys, and countless adventures. He goes from the lowestpart of London, to a part that he never knew existed. He makes many freinds anda few enemys. No one can turn down his sensitive, helpless looks and you end upcaring about him whether you want to or not. Mr. Bumble is a rat man, is alwayspicking on people, and is very fond of bullying others. He likes to be incharge. Halfway through the book, Bumble changes. When he marries Mrs.Corney,heloses authority. Then she makes all the decisions. Jack Dawkins, known as theartful dodger, is a charming rogue. Fagins best pupil. He is a dirty, wild,hyper boy. Dickens makes Dodger look more appealing by describing his outrageousclothes and untamed manners. Fagin is a master criminal, whose specialty isselling stolen property. He employs a gang of thieves and is always looking fornew recruits. He is a man of high intelligence, althoug h does not use it enough. Mr. Brownlow is a generous man, concerned for other people. A very respectablelooking person with a heart large enough for any six ordinary men. Bill Sikes isa bully, a robber and a murderer. He is an ally of Fagin. Fagin plans the crimesand Sikes carries them out Monks, also known as Edward Leeford, is Olivers halfbrother. He wants to destroy Olivers chance of inheriting their fathers estate. Nancy is the the pupil of Fagin, and the abused mistress of Sikes. Although sheis a prostitute and an accomplice of crooks, she has the instincts of a goodperson. Rose Maylie is very differnt from Nancey on the surface. Both wereorphans, but Rose grew up with more family values. She is sympathetic to Oliver,but unlike Nancy, Rose is does not know of all the evils of the world. OliverTwist, a loving, innocent orphan child; the son of Edwin Leeford and AgnesFleming. He is generally quiet and shy rather than aggressive. Olivers kindnature earns him the pity and love of the good people he meets. Dickens choiceof Olivers name tells a lot, because the boys story is full oftwists and turns. Dickens uses his skills at creating to make Olivera character for everyone Oliver Twist is orphaned at birth, he grows up in theworkhouse until he is apprenticed ,at an early age, to Mr. Sowerberry, theundertaker. Unhappy and mistreated, Oliver runs away. In London, he meets TheArtful Dodger. The slightl y older boy takes Oliver to the hideout of a Londongang of juvenile delinquents. Looked after by Fagin, an old Jew who teaches themhow to perfect pick-pocketing, the boys roam the city by day practicing theirtrade. Also associated with the gang are the sinister Bill Sikes and hissoft-hearted girlfriend, Nancy. Oliver, too, learns to steal, but, on one of hisfirst lone attempts, he is caught. Oliver is taken to the police station, wherea kindly and wealthy old gentleman, Mr. Brownlow, intervenes on the boysbehalf. Planning to educate and care for the boy, Mr. Brownlow takes custody ofOliver. Bill Sikes and his friend Monk learn of Olivers newly acquired positionand see an opportunity to rob the Brownlow house, using Oliver to let them in. They kidnap him and return with him to the gang. When Nancy tries to returnOliver to Mr. Brownlow, she is brutally murdered by Sikes. The attempted robberyfails, and Sikes drags Oliver over the rooftops of London as he is pursued bythe police and an enraged torch-carrying mob. Sikes falls and hangs himself. .uc308f31ceba6d4451b80b22860fefbfd , .uc308f31ceba6d4451b80b22860fefbfd .postImageUrl , .uc308f31ceba6d4451b80b22860fefbfd .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uc308f31ceba6d4451b80b22860fefbfd , .uc308f31ceba6d4451b80b22860fefbfd:hover , .uc308f31ceba6d4451b80b22860fefbfd:visited , .uc308f31ceba6d4451b80b22860fefbfd:active { border:0!important; } .uc308f31ceba6d4451b80b22860fefbfd .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uc308f31ceba6d4451b80b22860fefbfd { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uc308f31ceba6d4451b80b22860fefbfd:active , .uc308f31ceba6d4451b80b22860fefbfd:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uc308f31ceba6d4451b80b22860fefbfd .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uc308f31ceba6d4451b80b22860fefbfd .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uc308f31ceba6d4451b80b22860fefbfd .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uc308f31ceba6d4451b80b22860fefbfd .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uc308f31ceba6d4451b80b22860fefbfd:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uc308f31ceba6d4451b80b22860fefbfd .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uc308f31ceba6d4451b80b22860fefbfd .uc308f31ceba6d4451b80b22860fefbfd-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uc308f31ceba6d4451b80b22860fefbfd:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Swot Analysis Precision Cast Parts EssayOliver is rescued and returns to Mr. Brownlow to discover that he is the lostgrandson Brownlow has been looking for. The major action of Oliver Twist movesback and forth between two worlds: The filthy slums of London and the clean,comfortable house of Brownlow and the Maylies. London is a world of crime. Things happen there at night, in dark alleys and in, abandoned, darkbuildings.Maybe he is suggesting evil dominates this world Charles Dickens grewup in London, very poor. His father ended up in prison and the young Charles hadto start working at a factory. It only lasted for a few months, but he neverforgot the humiliation and the suffering. In the 1830s Dickens started to workas a journalist in London. In 1837 he gained fame with the novel ThePosthumous Papers of the Pickwick Club. Oliver Twist came theyear after, and was followed by Nicholas Nickleby. Charles Dickensis considered one of the greatest authors of the 19th century. I found this bookvery interesting and got more out of it then I thought that I would. It was alight on the real world today. Which is why I think Charles Dickens is such anoutstanding author because his work still reflects on the world we live intoday. So I say that if you have to pick any book to do a report on, let it beOliver Twist.

Asian Financial Crisis Essays - Stock Market Crashes, World Economy

Asian Financial Crisis Have you ever been in a situation where you were low cash and in debt? Well, I know I have. I remember one time when I had used up all of my money for the month, and owed, at the same time, my sister ten dollars. Boy, that was pure hell. You can't buy anything, and you feel like you have no control over anything. Well, imagine an entire continent in a financial rut. That is what is currently going on in Asia. This dilemma is known as the Asian Financial Crisis. Now, what exactly is the Asian Financial Crisis? Well, it is the current imbalance of Asia's economy. While some areas are doing great, most areas are poor and economically unstable . Currency value has gone down drastically, the stock market is at an all time low, and people all over the continent are fearing for their futures. The United Nations definitely should get involved in this crisis. They should have been more involved in international loaning, which would have helped, if not prevented the debt Asia is in now. They also should have made sure that the currency rate stayed stable the second the stock market began to drop. Perhaps, if the UN was more involved in Asia's economic affairs this crisis would not be in this state of mishap. (There were many things that caused the Asian Financial Crisis. One of them would have to be overseas borrowing. It is very important to understand that if the country is borrowing from the rest of the earth its foreign debt will grow over time. Thus, flows (items on income and cash flow statements) translate into changes in stocks (balance sheet items, like family fortune, the stock of capital, government debt, and net foreign debt). So, in the end, Asian countries borrowed too much, and were careful too little. Companies in the worst-hit countries, South Korea, Indonesia and Thailand, borrowed boundless sums of money as their economies boomed. T Even worse, they borrowed much of it in US dollars because interest rates were much lower than on their own currencies. The exchange rates of local currencies were pegged against the dollar, so they had no fears about having to earn money in local currency to pay back loans in dollars.hey didn't realize at the time what a mess they were getting themselves into. Another thing to keep in mind when you try to figure out what caused the crisis was the fact the Asian economic strategy was very unorganized. See, their economy was based on trust, not organization and rules. The people who bought and borrowed and sold and lent were all "friends". That meant they could trust that their "friend" would not disobey disserve them. It meant that they could trust what was going on around them was right. It meant that they didn't have to have special rules and laws to make sure that their customers acted morally. So, think about what happened when the old manager died, and some new guy came in--Uh oh. Chaos alert! ) website: http://1208.921.80/hotasia.htm AND website: http://www.worldcom.nl/ni/issues/asia.htm AND (All these things I just told you about triggered the stock market to flop. People, when they get scared the market is about to drop, flea and quickly sell all of their stock. So, when people started to finally realize that what was going on was bad, they made it even worse by selling their stock causing the stock market to plunge even lower. So, all in all, a lot of not so good things were going around Asia and caused financial chaos in the Asian countries. Although the crisis was and is a continental issue, it effected each country differently. If the UN were to interfere with this issue, they would need to understand the problem from all different angles. Each country needs a certain from of help.) website: http://208.240.92.80/adjustmt.htm (One of the countries that was greatly effected by the crisis was Japan. Until the nineties, the Japanese economy had been expanding rapidly and was doing unusually well. Then, all of a sudden, in 1990, there was a substantial drop in the stock market, and in real estate. In various ways Japan is both the cause and the soltion of the crisis on hand here. Especially because Japan remains the economic locomotive of the region. It ihas by far the largest economy. It was until recently a 4 trillion dollar economy. That is just mammoth compared to any other power. So the rest of the region

Male Vs Female Manipulation in Ernest Hemingways Essay Example

Male Vs Female Manipulation in Ernest Hemingways Essay Example Male Vs Female Manipulation in Ernest Hemingways Essay Male Vs Female Manipulation in Ernest Hemingways Essay The American and Gig at first appear to be the epitome of the average, modern-day couple; they share drinks together, ravel together, sit and talk together, and even show concern for each other like every other functional relationship. However, what Ernest Hemingway (either intentionally or unintentionally) portrays with the couple is the natural human tendency to try and influence events to achieve what he or she wants. A study done by the Department of Psychology of Turk, Finland researches the differences between the way men and women manipulate. How the study determines its results is by listing a variable (type of manipulation) and based on how high or how low the coefficient came out to be determined if it was a ale or female tactic. As compared to the Finnish study, Hills like White Elephants serves as a model for the differences between how men and women go about manipulating aspects of a decision to favor their individually desired result. Results of the study done by Aka Visitors and her colleagues for the Department of Psychology of Turk, Finland found two distinct differences between men and women regarding how they manipulate; men tend to take a more aggressive approach, whereas women go about manipulation in a more indirect manner (126). What this means is that men re more to the point, so people can easily distinguish when males are trying to influence another person because they are not afraid to push boundaries. Women, on the other hand, try and manipulate inconspicuously through other means such as symbols, gestures, or word, all the while remaining poise. This fact is fitting of the extroverted American and introverted Gig, whom both seem to be sly and meticulous with their word choices. There were several very low scoring ways of manipulating that are exercised the American. One method of manipulation that was found by Aka Bassoonists duty to be used by men-?including the Americanis refraining from the display of anger (123). Throughout the short story Hills like White Elephants Gig tries to incite the American; at one point she makes a remark about liquorices and says it in a way that she knows will cause the American to react, however he never gives her the satisfaction and simply moves on with the conversation (par. 33). Another manipulation ploy listed the study lists and is used by the American is talking the matter over (123). No matter how evasive Gig gets, the American does not allow her to stray from talking about he procedure. At one point in the Hills like White Elephants, a highly unnerved Gig has to beg the American to change the subject, Would you please please please please please please please stop talking? (par. 1 16). This coincides with another way the American is manipulating her decision, one that was not a variable tested in the study, by complying with her every demand. This is shown in the Hills Like White Elephants when the American expresses to her, Id do anything for you (par. 1 15). The biggest and probably most influential technique is playing to Gigs insecurities. Jigs dialogue lets on that she is a little emotionally unstable. Gigs repeated worries over whether or not the American will still love her shows that she stresses over losing his presence. The American uses her anxiety to his advantage and plays the overly devoted and loving boyfriend very well; as shown by this quote from the short story Hills Like White Elephants: And if I do it youll be happy and things will be like they Were and youll love me? l love you now. You know I love you' (par. 69). He also pries on Gigs concerns and doubts over he procedure by constantly telling her it will be fine and that it is her choice repeatedly throughout Hills like White Elephants (par. 51-80). These manipulation tactics the American uses are all in some form aggressive, which is why according to the study men are attracted to them. The Americans attraction to this form of manipulation is used as an effort to try and persuade Gig into what he wants, which is going through with the procedure. Likewise in Aka Bassoonists study there is numerous high scoring methods of manipulation that were shown to be preferred by females. One of which loud be trying to irritate the other so as to cause a loss of temper (123). Like previously mentioned, Gig spends most Of the story purposely testing the patience and tolerance levels of the American. Another manipulation strategy used by females that was reported in the study done by Aka Bassoonists and others is intentionally trying to make the other look stupid (123). Gig intricately weaves words into her dialogue that makes elements of the setting become symbolic of her condition, and when the American doesnt react in a way that pleases her, she denounces him for it. This type of manipulation occurs in the Hills like White Elephants when she compares the white hued hills to white elephants and the American responds to her literal meaning, which causes her to embarrass him by pointing out the fault in his reply (par. 20). Dropping the situation, is another form of manipulation that was tested in Aka Bassoonists study and is the most influential form used by Gig (123). On numerous occasions, Gig drops the proceed ere talk by interjecting comments that Stray completely away from the decision at hand. One moment she completely walks away from the table. The American in the Hills like White Elephants says, l dont want you to do it if you feel that way. The girl stood up and walked to the end of the station (par. 82). These methods for manipulating are considered indirect because they focus more on speech rather than action. For example, by completely dropping the subject Gig escapes all the pressures caused by talking about the subject with the American, which is good considering she has doubts about the procedure. The results to the study contain a neutral zone, where the variables were shared almost evenly between males and females, which also reflects the interactions between both Gig and the American. The form of manipulation that Aka Bassoonists study shows is shared by both men and women is withdrawing from a situation (123). At different times, both Gig and the American proclaim that they removed themselves from the decision. In the Hills like White Elephants the American shows this trait when he exclaims, l dont want anybody but you. Dont want anyone else. And I know its perfectly simple (par. 111). Here the American is saying all he thinks is about her and especially not the baby. As for Gig, she confesses she is no longer in he decision in the Hills like White Elephants when she says, Then Ill do it. Because dont care about me (par. 77). Both characters, at a point beneficial to their argument claim, that they feel the way they do not for them but instead for the other. The last line of Hills like White Elephants Gig decides, l feel fine Theres nothing wrong with me. I feel fine which is her way of giving in to the procedure (par. 134). An analysis of the results of the study done by Aka Visitors and her colleagues under the Department of Psychology of Turk,

Heart Disease in low income geographical area Research Paper

Heart Disease in low income geographical area - Research Paper Example The paper tells that heart disease is the leading cause of death among women in Georgia. Statistics in this respect reveal that many women are at a substantial risk of developing heart disease. Activities like smoking are common among 19% of women whereas, 27% face obesity problems, 27% have high blood pressure, 37% have high cholesterol levels, and 60% are not physically active. Georgia’s death rate is 9% higher than the rate of U.S on average. During 2006 an estimated of 143,800 hospitalizations took place because of cardiovascular diseases, which amounted to almost $ 4.4 billion spent by people living in the state on heart-related problems. Moreover, the heart diseases, as a cause of death, remained 16% higher than the overall deaths caused in the whole United States. Research revealed that the death rate for men was 1.4 times higher than for women in 2006. Furthermore, it revealed that it was 1.3 times higher for blacks than for whites; black males were more prone to prema ture deaths due to CVD and had a higher risk of having a heart disease. The statistics of 2006 noted incidents in which black people who were below the age of 65, died due to heart problems. Although there are innumerable prevention programs, there are galloping graph depictions that reveal an increase in the rate of women developing heart trouble. However, one of the most authentic cardiovascular health surveillance was considered that highlighted the results.... were those who belonged to the lower-income group and had poor life style, and are facing various mitigating health problems such as hypertension and diabetes that may lead to a heart trouble. Later secondary research was conducted where findings and conclusions reached by researchers in the past were considered. This research confirmed the results that most of the low-income groups are at stake mainly because either they have no facilities at their disposal, or they are not thoroughly aware of the factors that may lead to the problem along with recognizing the initial symptoms. On the other hand, secondary research revealed that there are various other factors too which lead to heart problems in low-income groups. Statistics and Partnerships Heart disease is the leading cause of death among women in Georgia. Statistics in this respect reveal that many women are at a substantial risk of developing heart disease. Activities like smoking are common among 19% of women whereas, 27% face obesity problems, 27% have high blood pressure, 37% have high cholesterol levels, and 60% are not physically active (Bryan, 2007). Georgia’s death rate is 9% higher than the rate of U.S on average. During 2006 an estimated of 143,800 hospitalizations took place because of cardiovascular diseases, which amounted to almost $ 4.4 billion spent by people living in the state on heart related problems. Moreover, the heart diseases, as a cause of death, remained 16% higher than the overall deaths caused in the whole United States (Health State, 2008). Research revealed that the death rate for men were 1.4 times higher than of women in 2006. Furthermore, it revealed that it was 1.3 times higher for blacks than for whites; black males were more prone to premature deaths due to CVD and had a higher

Text analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Text analysis - Essay Example Surprisingly extremely little effort on the portrayal of the Africans Americans in the television has been undertaken (Campbell 11). Bussing and segregation have been the early forms of racism associated with the U.S. news casting; these issues could fuel the whites to racial prejudice of the African Americans (Campbell 12). The author has written that Africans Americans were normally associated with poverty. They were over represented poor according to the content analysis of the author (Campbell 12). By this analyzation of them been poor in the news televisions, Africans Americans could also bear issues associated with poverty such as laziness and the under observation of the welfare assistance (Campbell 13). Entman did a study on this issue whereby his results showed that Africans Americans presentation occurred largely as crime victims (Campbell 14). Africans Americans were more likely to appear in crime sites and as perpetrators in drug issues on most of the local news (Campbell 14). Another observation was that the Africans Americans political interest was normally limited in the news presentation (Campbell 15). This perpetuation needed the Africans Americans to raise their voices to so as their hearing could occur (Campbell 15). The author is indicating how stereotypes, network news, and modern racism relate to one another (Campbell 16). According to this documentation, Africans Americans are typically associated with the roles such as noisy politicians, criminals and poor citizens on the news of a local network. The increase in modern racism leads to three components (Campbell 16). First is the resistance to the political demands of the African Americans, secondly is the general hostility that is portrayed emotionally towards the Africans Americans, lastly is the belief in the death of racism and that the racial discrimination no longer inhibits the achievement of the African Americans (Campbell 17). According to the author, African

Hayao Miyazaki Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Hayao Miyazaki - Essay Example It left an impeccable impression on him especially the movie’s heroine. It is here that Miyazaki realized the folly of him trying to pursue manga writing by simply aping what was the trend at the time. So he decided to chase his true feelings even if it was deemed foolish (McCarthy). Thus to manage as an animator, he first had to understand the art of human anatomy. He finally graduated from Gakushuin in 19963 with two degrees: political science and economics but also having been a member of the university’s ‘’Children’s Literature Research Club’’ roughly a comic club those days. With a career spanning well over six decades, Miyazaki has attained international acclaim as an anime expert and also co-founded studio Ghibli, a film animation studio with Isao Takahata. His success in animation videos is only comparable to American animator Walt Disney, British animator Nick Park and American director Steven Spielberg. Having been raised in T okyo, Miyazaki ventured into his animation career in 1961 with Toei Animation. While working as an in between artist for Gulliver’s travels Beyond the Moon, he pitched his own ideas that eventually became the movie’s ending. ... He left Toei in 1971 and joined Mushi Production, A Pro, Nippon Animation and TMS Entertainment where he co-directed 14 episodes of the first Lupin III series with Isao Takahata. This was when he was able to direct his first ever feature film Lupin; The Castle of Cagliostro, 1979. The two then began a pre-production a Pippi Longstocking series and after investing in writing extensive storyboards for it he travelled to Sweden to acquire permission from the concept owner Astrid Lindgren. Permission was denied and hence the project was not able to be completed. They decided to abandon it altogether. He decided to conceive his own and write it, Panda! Go, Panda! was the result. These were two shorts directed by Takahata. Future Boy Conan (1978) was an adaptation of the children’s novel ‘The Incredible Tide’ By Alexander Key. The series’ success was attributed to the fact the it elaborates on the characters and events of the book, Miyazaki’s later works a lso provide a recurrence of these characters for example a girl who is In touch with nature, a warrior woman who appears menacing but is actually far from an antagonist and finally a boy who is very determined to get the girl. There was also a feature on imaginative croft designs in the series. ‘Future Boy Conan’ therefore immensely served as a base on which Miyazaki would later refer to in his later works and therefore provide a continuity. In 1984, Nausicaa of the valley of the wind was an adventure film that successfully introduced major recurrent themes like the human impact on the environment and a concern with ecology; a fascination with aircraft and flight; feminism and other morally

Crime Scene Manager Roles and Responsibilities

Crime Scene Manager Roles and Responsibilities According to the lecture on crime scene management SAPS 2006 the process of crime scene management is as follows. The different role players within the SAPS respond to the crime scene with due consideration personal safety, while at same time looking for potential evidence and possible suspects. The researcher wants to determine whether the role players from the components such as the visible policing, detectives and the Local Criminal Record Centre attended the murder crime scenes with the purpose of obtaining the required evidential material for linking suspects with the crime scene and for court purposes, further to determine whether such role players has the expertise to identify possible suspects at the murder scenes, SAPS (2006). In terms of SAPS, DCLP (2006) and SAPS Policy Number 1 (2004) on crime scene management, the procedure in the crime scene of crime is as follows: The first member to arrive at the crime scene will receive the crime scene from the members of the public and immediately take control of the scene and identify the injured victims. The first member will establish the command centre and act as Acting Commander for the Centre until the Official Commander is appointed. The Acting Commander will administers all the resources as required by the crime scene role-players examples of such resources are visible policing, Specialized units, Emergency services, Defence Force units etc and if the scope of the crime scene escalates (i.e) incident where public order policing or the task force is required, a major aircraft crash or any major operation), the command centre will further supported by the establishment of a field joint operational centre. The establish excess routes to the crime scene for control purpose. The first member will hand over the crime scene to the appointed crime scene manager on arrival who will be accompanied by the detectives and the crime scene technician and conduct a detail inspection to determine certain key aspects of the crime scene. The crime scene manager, the crime scene technician and the investigating officer will gain on the first walk through plan and agree on the crime scene investigation, processing strategy and methodology which they will follow. The crime scene manager will appoints the investigating officer who will be the principal investigator and be responsible for the maintaining of the case docket, investigating officer to co-ordinates the investigating team and for the maintaining the investigation diary and keeping track of the whole process and the investigating team is responsible for information gathering and proceeds which the interviewing of witnesses and taking down statements (SAPS 2006). The crime manager will also appoints the crime scene technician who will be the principal processing expert on the crime scene and evaluates the evidence possibilities and assembles the processing team with the correct skills to effectively process the crime scene. Crime scene technician will be supported by specialists available to assist the processing team on the crime; such specialists are provided by the Forensic Science Laboratory, Pathology, etc. The processing team will prepare a realistic visual representation of the scene to a court of law (SAPS 2006). After the crime scene team has completed their activities in the crime scene, the crime scene manager will conducts a final walk through of the scene, accompanied by the investigating officer and the crime scene technician. The purpose of walk-through is to review the activity of the investigation and processing team, ensuring that the original plan has been executed. The crime scene manager will conduct a debriefing with all role players as the last opportunity to collect any wrong decision made during the process and to ensure that all required actions have been performed. The crime scene manager will restore the crime scene and ensuring that all equipments has been removed and authorised the crime scene to be released to the public (SAPS 2006). Sometime after the event the crime scene manager calls a meeting with all the relevant role players to evaluate the process for lessons learnt planning the on going investigation, commenced on successes and identify mistakes. Cox (2009) in her article, explains that in order to ensure that the evidence is protected, the first person at the crime scene should secure it with barriers and or crime scene tapes soon after arriving at the crime scene, in addition, some should act as security guard so that people who do not belong at the location are kept out of the crime scene. According to Lee, Palmbach Miller, (2001), the first responders to a crime scene are usually Police, Emergency Medical personnel or Fire Department personnel. Their actions at the scene are often the foundation for the successful resolution of the crime. These first responding Officers are also in many cases some of the individuals, who may, through the course of doing their job, inadvertently change or alter the crime scene from its original condition, Lee, et al (2001). They further emphasized that those persons must do their job but they must always keep in mind that they will begin the process of linking the crime scene to the victim, the witness and ultimately, to the suspect. Any disruption of the crime scene may prevent the link to the suspect. The critical matters such as training, education, experience are all necessary for any potential first responder Lee et al, (2001). The process to be followed according to Roland (2007) correspond with (SAPS 2006) in the sense that the first Officers to respond are responsible for the securing the crime scene and preserving it as they found it. This means ensuring that nothing is touched or moved so that any physical evidence is not compromised or contaminated, if there are victims displaying signs of life the Police will call a team of Paramedics to give on site assistance if they did not respond to the initial emergency call. The injured can then be removed to Hospital, but dead bodies need to be left as they were found since vital causes can be obtained from studying the position and condition of the victim. The senior investigating officer will begin by interviewing the officers who were first on the scene to get their initial impression of the location and the behaviour of those who were directly involved. In a murder enquiry the suspects residence will require searching as well as the site where the body of the victim has been discovered. Team is led by a crime scene controller who answers to a superior the superior then reports to the investigating officer. When the crime scene is a house, an apartment, commercial building or vehicle all which can be sealed off and examined in the minutes detail and if murder or violent attack has occurred in one area of a building . The whole property will be considered relevant to the case and will be scoured for clause. When exterior location Police may have to extend the perimeter to includes vehicle tyre tracks, footprints and areas where there is a change of finding personal items, discarded cigarettes butts, a weapon or trace evidence which might have been snagged on undergrowth. It is a burial site for murder victims. There could be other makeshift graves in the area all in which will save to be excavates, photographed and combined for physical evidence. Exterior scene may also have to be isolated by a tent to protect evidence from the effects of whether and to exclude the prying eyes of curiosity seekers and media Roland (2007). It is clear that the procedure for the first person to arrive at the scene of crime is to ensure that the crime is protected for potential evidence. Cox(2009), Lee, el at 2001) and Roland (2007) support the (SAPS1 (2004) on crime scene management as well as the SAPS DCLP (2006). Wayne, Patherick, Brent, Turvey, Claire Ferguson (2010) indicates that particular attention should be given to determine if this is the only scene or whether there are secondary crime scenes that need to be located. Investigators will have only a limited amount of time to work a crime site in its untouched state. The opportunity to permanently record the scene in its original state must not be lost, such records will not only be useful during an investigation but are also required for presentation at trial Wayne et al (2010). Wayne et al (2010) has also stated that it is important that upon arrival at the scene investigators implement crime scene procedures, supervise uniform personnel and provide direction to the investigation to facilitate this. An investigative team should be nominated. This team should consist of an arresting officer, a corroborating officer, and an exhibit officer. This procedure is standard in most Police services for any major crime. The exhibits officer is responsible for protection and collection of exhibits, through to the examination of exhibits and their final production in court cases. The arresting officer and the corroborating officer are responsible for interaction with suspects and have final responsibility prosecuting the matter to trial. This team should be overseen by a senior Detective who has a broad management role in ensuring that a major incident room (MIR) or command post is established to support and manage investigative functions at the crime scene and also at later stages of the investigations Wayne et al (2010). Furthermore Wayne et at (2010) elaborates the initial assessment stage of crime scene that the trained investigators should have control of the investigation and begin to identify possible witnesses and suspects they should begin this stage by evaluating physical evidence located with a view to assisting with suspect generation by prioritising the most evidence (e.g) DNA located at a scene is powerful evidence as compared to an un-identified item such as clothing). It is also at this point that the investigators should familiarise themselves with the victim by performing interviews with the victim if still alive, or alternatively by conducting a victim logy (or profile) if the victim is the deceased. The profile should include the history of the victim, associates, criminal links, family and financial records. This step is important because the characteristics of a victim can provide links to possible suspects in particular, investigators may be able to draw inferences about the offe nders motive, modus operandi, and signatures behaviour (Turvey, 1999). Having done this, the investigators should be able to know the information about the victim. Wayne et al (2010). According to Wayne et al (2010) during the investigation stage the investigators undertake the most challenging work. At this point investigators must attempt to establish a motive for the crime, if this can be done, it must be accurate, then this information will greatly assist in reducing the suspect pool. Witness account also need to be closely examined at this stage and evaluated as to the assistance they can build a profile for the suspect. In this stage investigators should be ensuring that trained experts are evaluating all available physical evidence. Wayne et al (2010) further explain about the target stage of having carried out thorough examination of the crime scene, investigators need to build a profile for potential suspects from evidence available during the target stage. The investigators should then test the velocity of the evidence by seeking links between the suspect and the crime. All available evidence needs to be channelled into providing a nexus between the susp ect and the victim, in relation to time, place and motive. It is at this point the investigators need to be fully conversant with the investigations gathered by investigators with regards to build a profile for potential suspects. The investigators should develop an investigative interview plan so that when the suspect is confronted, the investigators are clear of the direction and purpose of the action or questioning that they undertake in the arrest stage, Wayne (et al 2010). According to Jackson, Andrew and Jackson, Julie (2004) the duties of the first Police Officer attending and preservation of the crime scene is as follows: Maintain the value of any physical evidence that may be present. Carry out an initial assessment of the scene. Deal with any emergencies (the overriding duty of the first officer attending is to preserve life, irrespective of whether crucial evidence is destroyed in the process). Call for assistance as necessary. Preserve the scene (unless it has been decided that physical evidence will not be recovered. Make an appropriate records of his or her assessment and actions (included in this times at which any key events took place, such as the first officer attending arrival at the scene and any estimated time of the incident that may be available from, for example, eyewitnesses. Communicate his or her assessment and actions to those who will take over the responsibility for the processing of the scene and or those responsible for the investigation of the case. Provide appropriate information about the processing of the case to those members of the public who are directly involved. The fi rst officer attending the crime scene must during his or her initial assessment, ascertain whether any of the following are present or nearby. Injured persons victims. Eyewitnesses (who should be kept separate from one another, by the first officer attending need to avoid conversation between the eye witnesses that could distort their memories of the incident). Suspects (who must be kept separate from each other and from witnesses) it should be borne in mind that seemingly innocent might, in fact be suspects in case. Further Jackson et al (2004) provides that any crime scene from which physical evidence is recovered and recorded, this process is also known as documenting the crime scene. This is done by making written notes that are augmented by photographs, video recordings and or sketches, as appropriate Jackson et al (2004). Jackson et al (2004) also mentioned the following recording on the crime scene. There must be a record of each item of physical evidence recorded from the scene, detailing the identified of the person who recovered it, the time and date at which it was recorded, the exact location from which it was taken and a description of the item involved. A log of all images taken of the scene (whether by still photographing conventional digital or video recording) describing for each images. The exact location of the camera operator The identity of the camera operator The direction in which the camera was pointed. The time and date at which it was captured. Any special lighting or other conditions used. Any special light or other condition used. The items and / or area of the scene from which the image was captured. A log of any sketches made of the scene. A detailed description of the surroundings of the crime scene. A record of the conditions of whether and light that prevailed during the processing of the scene and a thorough description of the crime scene itself in the condition in which it was found prior to the removal of any physical evidence, including details or any features that might be of evidential worth (such as the location and condition of any likely points of the entry and or exits by the individuals involved in the incident). It is clear that on the crime scene the physical evidence needs to be protected for potential evidence. Wayne et al (2010) and Jackson et al (2004:19) support to each other in terms of the process of crime scene management. According to Savino, John, Brent and Turvey (2005) provides the information to be learned from the crime scene as follows: Investigators can experience the sights, smells and sound of the crime scene, as the victim and the offender perceived them. Investigators can experience the spatial relationship with the scene. Investigators can experience how open, or secluded the scene is, suggesting possible witnesses. Investigators can experience how accessible or hidden the scene is to those not from the area, suggesting possible suspect populations. Investigators can learn what kind of traffic (vehicle and pedestrian), residences or businesses are nearby, suggesting possible witnesses and suspect populations. Investigators can experience transfer evidence first hand, vegetation, soil, glass, fibres, and any other material that may have transferred on to the victim or offender may transfer on to them, providing examples of what to look for on suspect clothing or in suspects vehicles. Investigators can walk victim and offender routes themselves, seeing the sight first hand, in order to discover additional witnesses and suspect population. This witnesses can include businesses with active surveillance camera that may have recorded some or all of the crime Savino et al (2005). The attentive investigators may discover items of evidence previously thought lost and according to Savino and Turvey (2005) further elaborate the crime scene dos and donts that, locards exchange principle. Every contact result in a transfer of evidence contact between items in around and obliterate it. The investigator needs to be on the crime scene and have some contact with the evidence, as do Forensic personnel however, reasonable steps can be taken to minimize how much evidence is added, moved and obliterated consider the following guidelines. Do not enter the crime scene until you have signed in on the crime scene security log. If there is not a security log, start one. The security log should contain name, agency, function, time in and out, and clothing description for later exclusionary purposes. One person should be assigned to maintain the log. Make certain that someone is assigned to photograph the crime scene and surrounding areas. Part of this assignment involves maintaining a log of each roll of film and each item and location photograph. Make certain that someone is assigned to sketch the crime scene. A rough sketch should be prepared at the scene showing measurements between items of evidence and spatial relationships within the scene. A final or smooth sketch is prepared later, based on notes, photos, and other information gathered from the scene (Lee). Make certain that someone is assigned to maintain and evidence log. Do not collect multiple items of evidence in one bag or under one evidence number. This provides for potential cross -contamination. Wear disposable latex gloves at all times- this will help prevents the transfer of fingerprints, sweat, and other material from your bare hand on the scene. Change gloves every time you touch a new item on the scene. This will help prevent cross-contamination between items at the same that you have touched. Do not dispose gloves by carelessly discarding them in the scene. They could wind up in the crime scene photo obscuring evidence, or worse, somebody might collect them as evidence and run lab tests to determine their origin. Do not touch everything in sight. When you touch an object, you may move it from its original position or obliterate any evidence that may have been transferred to its surface during the crime, such as a fingerprints or biological fluids containing valuable DNA. Keep your hands in your pockets until they are needed. Do not wonder aimlessly through the crime scene. Do not touch, move or otherwise alter items of evidence before documenting them (photographs, measurements, etc) Do not stage collection effort from furniture involved in the crime. Set up your equipments elsewhere, away from areas of potential evidence transfer. Do not use the telephone on the scene. The offender may have used the phone. This evidence that should be seized and processed for fingerprints and other potential transfer evidence also, phone records should be checked for all incoming and outgoing local and long distance calls, as far back as possible. Do not use the television and / VCR at the scene. The offender may have used them, examine buttons for latent prints. Also, cable TV records should be checked both authors have worked cases where the offender has watched TV and / or ordered pornographic movies while waiting for the victim to return home. Do not use the bathroom. The offender may have the bathroom and may have lifted the toilet seat. The toilet should be seized and processed for fingerprints and other potential transfer evidence. Do not smoke, smoking changes smells of the air and results in hot ashes that have the potential to contaminate, melt, or even burn /ignite potential evidence. It also results in discarded cigarettes butts that may be confused as evidence. Do not eat into the crime scene and dropped food could contaminate or obliterate potential evidence. Do not drink. This is destruction and will results in refuse that could find its way into the crime scene and get more potential collected as evidence, also spilled liquids could contaminate or obliterate potential evidence. Do not spit, spitting result in the transfer of biological material into a crime scene. Do not bring civilians to a crime scene. This kind of thing show a lack of respect and professionalism, as well as introducing more potential transfer evidence into the scene and increasing the possibility that evidence may be carelessly contaminated or obliterated. Do not allow your superiors or colleagues to be civilians to a crime scene. Leave sealed containers sealed. Do not open sealed containers and sniff inside to determine the contents by odour. They may contain hazardours or toxic material such anhydrous ammonia, a necessary ingredient, especially the eye, skin, and respiratory tract will cause dehydration, cell destruction, and serve chemical burns. Do not touch pools of liquid in the crime scene. This is TV and movie behaviour done for dramatic effects to sell a scene, it has no place in real Forensic work. If you do not know what something is you think it is important follow the appropriate documentation and collection procedures and submit it to the LAB for analysis. Do not taste anything at the crime scene. This also TV behaviour done for dramatic effect to sell a scene, it has no place in real Forensic work. Do not interview the victim in the place where the attack occurred. This is extremely insensitive and may erode the trust between the victim and the investigator, to say nothing for potentially re-traumatising the victim. Do not leave the crime scene to get something to eat, play lotto, go back to the office, or work on something else, until you are done. Make written notes of everyone in the crime scene and each persons role. That way youll know whom to call later if you need statement. Take written notes of everything in the crime scene that get your attention because nothing is significant to record if it catches ones attention. Do not lead a victim family members from the crime scene through the area where there attack occurred unless there is no other way. Supervisors in charged of the crime scene with reviewing the work of an investigative unit do well to note those issues during performance reviews. They should also measure to ensure that once this kind of mistakes are discovered, they are not related. This can be accomplished by training and by the example set by seasoned investigators. Ignorance of physical evidence and protocol usually starts at the top, with those in charge and finds its way down through the ranks. Savino et al (2005). It is evident that members who attended the crime scene must follow the information guidelines of Savino et al (2005). According to Van Heerden (1982) the scene of crime can clarify, amongst others the following: The position of the deceased body and of various objects in relation to the body, can for example be important indications of the case of death. This means that whether the death is as results of murder, suicide or accident. The direction from which criminal approached the scene of crime and the manner in which the scene was left. The method used to commit the crime. The identity of the victim. The identity of the offender and the nature of his involvement in the crime. In view of the clarification as alluded by VAN HEERDEN (1982) it is important to illustrate how the potential evidence should be recognized, protected, recorded, collected and packaging, labelled or marked, submission for analysis, maintenance of chain of possession of presentation in court. Marais, Rooyen, Pretorius, De Beer, Smith and Mostert (1992) et al provides that the following legal requirements should be critical importance to the investigator. Before physical evidence can be collected it must obviously be recognized. In a murder investigation one usually concentrates on the weapon or object that was used that caused the death. A search is also made here for blood, hair, fibres and tissue in an effort to connect the criminal with the crime scene. Case and common sense should be always prevail with due precaution not to destroy physical evidence that may exist and the guidelines offered in this regard that the scene should be observed in its entirely and notes made of the location of all obvious physical clues, points of entry and exit signs of location (struggle) and the size and share in the area should be restricted and care taken not to destroy or to disturb any evidence during the examination, a suitable search method must be decided upon and during the search of an indoor scene. Special attention should be paid to fragile evidence that may be easily destroyed or contaminated. Places or objects where latent fingerprints may be found and other physical clues to be examined by the experts later need to be seemed. Comprehensive notes should also be made of all stains, spots, liquids and the like which could prove to have evidential value. The scene and surrounding areas must be demarcated off to ensure that valuable physical evidence is not destroyed or damaged by vehicles people or animals.

Jack In The First Five Chapters :: essays research papers

At the start of the novel, there has been an atomic explosion, and the children have been evacuated in an aircraft with a detachable passenger tube. The aircraft has been attacked and released the tube while flying over tropical seas. The tube has crash landed in the jungle of a tropical island, and the plane has flown off in flames. This is the point when the novel starts. There are four main characters in the book – Ralph, Piggy, Jack and Simon. Simon is part of the choir, which is led by Jack, but Ralph and Piggy are not members of the choir, and are in no way related. There are no adults – "There aren’t any grown ups" (P.43)Ralph has found a "conch" (P.21), and has used it to call all the boys on the island together. This is where Jack is introduced into "Lord of the Flies""Something dark was fumbling along" (P.26). This refers to the choir walking along the beach in the distance. This use of language shows us that the choir is dark, evil, and sinister, and immediately Golding tells us that this group will not be a "good" force on the island. The choir are a militaristic group – "marching approximately†¦with a hambone frill" (P.26). This shows us that their leader is in total control of the group. This leader is Jack – "The boy who controlled them†¦his cap badge was golden" (P.26) This shows the authority and status that Jack has over the choir. When the choir reach the platform, Jack shows off – "swaying in the fierce light†¦his cloak flying" (P.27). This is an attempt to impress the group, create a good impression, enough so he commands their respect as well as the choirs’, enough so that he can eventually control them as well as the choir. Jack does not introduce himself to everyone; he first words to the group are "Where’s the man with the trumpet?" (P.27). He just gives out demands, and expects the group to answer him. This is what he is used to. Jack is a direct contrast with Ralph – "peered down at Ralph†¦(the conch) did not seem to satisfy him" (P.27) This shows us that he believes no-one is as good a leader as him, and that the conch, which called the group together, is below him. This is "simple arrogance" (P.29) on the part of Jack.

Analysis of variance

The green moss bio-insecticide was extracted by means of pounding and squeezing. The insecticide was tested by the researcher by applying it to 10 eremites in three trials with three different concentration. The first setup was applied with the 100% moss extract, the second setup with the 50%, the third setup with the 25% concentration gradient of the moss extract. The last setup was applied with commercialese insecticide.With the given results that were computed from the gathered data, the researcher conclude that the alternative hypothesis, which states that the green moss extract would be an effective bio-insecticide on dry wood termites versus the commercialese insecticide by means of their mortality, is accepted the reason given that the F value is higher than the degrees of freedom. If the green moss extract, compared to commercialese insecticide, would be an effective insecticide against drowsy termites.Termite, common name for numerous species of social insects that can damag e wooden structures, such as furniture or houses, or other materials containing cellulose while other species obtain a special fluid secreted by beetles. Control is obtained also by using wood treated with creosote or some other poisonous chemical. Because most worker termites cannot vive without moisture, the territories should be exposed to dry air.Insecticides induced to termites are of the following: The soil where a structure is standing would be treated with an insecticide to discourage termite incursions; wooden parts of a structure would be treated with creosote or some other poisonous chemical for control thus making the termites live outside the wood but the workers cannot live without moisture, thus being exposed to dry air. Commercialese insecticides are very harmful not only for the common health of the insects but also for humans and the environment.Unstable chemicals that kill other lives will most potentially kill others. In conclusion, commercialese insecticides whi ch contains harmful chemicals are widely ranged in the country but must not be thus having the study. Moss is used in this study as an insecticide to drowsy termites due to the Bryophytes isolated location; moist, wet, and out of reach. Green moss is not contacted by termites, thus the idea of making idea of making the Bryophyte to be an insecticide.General Statement of the Problem The problems of the research are the following: The possibility of the green moss extract to be a potential insecticide to drowsy termites; the comparison of the green moss extract as an insecticide and the commercialese insecticide to its effectiveness over drowsy termites. Specific Questions 1 . L's there a significant difference between the different proportions of the green moss extract and commercialese insecticide in terms of killing termites? . Will there be a high mortality rate on the termites when the green moss extract is used. Statement of the Hypotheses The null hypothesis of this study is th at the Green moss extract would not be an effective insecticide over drowsy termites versus the commercialese insecticide by means of mortality while its alternative hypothesis is that the Green moss extract would be an effective insecticide on droopy termites versus the commercialese insecticide by means of mortality.Significance of the Study The aim of the study is to use the abundance of green moss extract in the research's location for use as a alternative for a insecticide over commercialese products due to its chemical value. And also, to find what substance does the green moss extract notation which has insecticidal properties over the termites, if ever. Most Filipino families will benefit from the study due to its abundance in any place which is damp; virtually, everywhere. It may also be mass produced and may be a source of income to the Philippines; export to other countries.Scope and Limitation The study will be dealing with the production of the bio-insecticide made out of the pure extract gathered from the green moss given the reason of the countless chemicals found in the commercialese insecticide and that the bio-insecticide is to Essen the usage of it by proving that the product has better mortality rate over pests, in this case, drowsy termites. The study will be limited on what type of tests shall the green moss extract bio-insecticide undergo. The study is also limited on using just the green moss as the resource for the study.Definition of Terms Bryophyte – a botanical division (phylum) of small, soft plants. Drowsy termites – creates colonies in wood, with no connection to the ground necessary. Green moss – A plant which may grow in all types of climate and grow on a variety of substrates. Insecticide- a chemical used against insects. REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE The potentiality of Nonage bark extract as an insecticide was conducted by Sheer Ann Alarming, Erectile Guessers, and Shannon Mayo through Photochemical Analy sis and Screen-House Experiment.For the Screen-House Experiment, four nonsectarian were constructed with them applied Treatment A (pure extract), B (extract with essential oil), C (Bacon), and D (Raid). Mortality rate and effectiveness of the extract were observed for two minutes y the researchers and the results were subjected to One-way Analysis of Variance (NOVA). As a result, in terms of the treatments effectively on mosquitoes, the pure extract is the most effective. On the other hand, Treatments A, C and D were effective against termites' and cockroaches.The researchers had bought to a conclusion that Nonage Bark Extract is effective and could be tapped as an alternative bio-insecticide in eliminating insects. In another research, by Amman Bengal, tackling on the Insecticidal effect of Thebe on common house mosquitoes, he stated that developers have had discovered that thebe oil contains insecticidal qualities as well although no toxicity as been reported present. He then made an experiment by introducing the concoction to twenty(20) common house mosquitoes to test the effectively of it and was then observed for twenty(20) minutes.The results brought the researcher to the conclusion that thebe contains an insecticidal effect on mosquitoes. Lastly, the researchers Gaylord and Clement had pondered over the effectiveness of cassava extract insecticide against termites and how it could be a substitute for the commercialese insecticides. The extract was then gathered and applied to twenty(20) termites inside a beaker; sprayed twice. After several trials and times measured, they used T-test to tabulate the data of the Cassava extract against the commercialese insecticide.They then concluded that the two have no significant difference and that the Cassava extract is effective and may be a substitute for the commercialese insecticide. METHODOLOGY Location of the Study The study was conducted inside the vicinity of the researcher's school, Calm City Science High School. The moss was gathered from Callahan, Laguna. Data Gathering Process The data was gathered after the application of the 100%, 50%, and 25% gradient incineration of the green moss extract, and the commercialese insecticide to the drowsy termites.The researcher had observed if there was a significant difference between the four (4) substances to the mortality rate of the drowsy termites. Statistical Analysis The data gathering technique to be used in the study by the researcher is the One-way analysis of variance that it may be used to two or more samples, by using the F-test, and must be numerical data. Since the samples are independent, they have equal variances, and that the insecticides are virtually distributed by the same assure, the study is applicable for a One-way NOVA.Instruments The researcher used the following materials to make the bio-insecticide made out of green moss extract. The raw materials that were used to create the product was green moss and water (for th e concentration of the extract). The other instruments used were mortar and pestle, to pulverize the moss and get the extract easier; beaker, as both a container and measurement tool for both the extract and commercialese insecticide; filter paper, in order not to get impurities to the extract; terrorized containers as where the drowsy termites would be put to; and sprayer for the distribution of the extract.A stopwatch will be used to measure the duration of the mortality of the drowsy termites. Procedure The researcher would first collect the materials for the experiment going with: 500 grams of moss; a beaker; a stirring rod; mortar and pestle; filter paper; patisseries; commercialese insecticide. The researcher would then be extracting the moss using the mortar and pestle and then be contained on a beaker through filter paper and funnel. After a short hill, the extract and the commercialese insecticide will then be applied to 3 set- ups each and having the extract decreased from 100% concentration to 50% and then to 25%.The results will then be gathered and tabulated after twenty(20) minutes using the â€Å"One-way analysis of variance† or the â€Å"One-way NOVA†. Summary and Conclusion This study was conducted to develop a bio-insecticide made out of green moss extract that may kill drowsy termites. The data was gathered by applying the different concentration of the green moss extract which was 100%, 50%, and 25%, including the commercialese insecticide to three (3) trials each containing ten (10) drowsy termites.With the given results that were computed from the gathered data, the researcher conclude that the alternative hypothesis, which states that the green moss extract would be an effective bio-insecticide on dry wood termites versus the commercialese insecticide by means of their mortality, is accepted the reason given that the F value is higher than the degrees of freedom thus stating that the alternative hypothesis is accepted. In a ddition, the researcher has tested and concluded that the extraneous arable of the moss extract to be acidic and that may have affected the termites' mortality is faulty.The green moss extract has a level of 8 pH which concludes that it is a basic substance and not an acidic substance. Recommendation The researcher recommends finding what exact content that the green moss extract has that had killed the drowsy termites. He recommends that when the specific content of the green moss extract that has a pesticides effect is found, use another type of moss. The researcher also recommends using the same type of moss but in another location having the reason of different nutrition of the moss. Analysis of variance The green moss bio-insecticide was extracted by means of pounding and squeezing. The insecticide was tested by the researcher by applying it to 10 eremites in three trials with three different concentration. The first setup was applied with the 100% moss extract, the second setup with the 50%, the third setup with the 25% concentration gradient of the moss extract. The last setup was applied with commercialese insecticide.With the given results that were computed from the gathered data, the researcher conclude that the alternative hypothesis, which states that the green moss extract would be an effective bio-insecticide on dry wood termites versus the commercialese insecticide by means of their mortality, is accepted the reason given that the F value is higher than the degrees of freedom. If the green moss extract, compared to commercialese insecticide, would be an effective insecticide against drowsy termites.Termite, common name for numerous species of social insects that can damag e wooden structures, such as furniture or houses, or other materials containing cellulose while other species obtain a special fluid secreted by beetles. Control is obtained also by using wood treated with creosote or some other poisonous chemical. Because most worker termites cannot vive without moisture, the territories should be exposed to dry air.Insecticides induced to termites are of the following: The soil where a structure is standing would be treated with an insecticide to discourage termite incursions; wooden parts of a structure would be treated with creosote or some other poisonous chemical for control thus making the termites live outside the wood but the workers cannot live without moisture, thus being exposed to dry air. Commercialese insecticides are very harmful not only for the common health of the insects but also for humans and the environment.Unstable chemicals that kill other lives will most potentially kill others. In conclusion, commercialese insecticides whi ch contains harmful chemicals are widely ranged in the country but must not be thus having the study. Moss is used in this study as an insecticide to drowsy termites due to the Bryophytes isolated location; moist, wet, and out of reach. Green moss is not contacted by termites, thus the idea of making idea of making the Bryophyte to be an insecticide.General Statement of the Problem The problems of the research are the following: The possibility of the green moss extract to be a potential insecticide to drowsy termites; the comparison of the green moss extract as an insecticide and the commercialese insecticide to its effectiveness over drowsy termites. Specific Questions 1 . L's there a significant difference between the different proportions of the green moss extract and commercialese insecticide in terms of killing termites? . Will there be a high mortality rate on the termites when the green moss extract is used. Statement of the Hypotheses The null hypothesis of this study is th at the Green moss extract would not be an effective insecticide over drowsy termites versus the commercialese insecticide by means of mortality while its alternative hypothesis is that the Green moss extract would be an effective insecticide on droopy termites versus the commercialese insecticide by means of mortality.Significance of the Study The aim of the study is to use the abundance of green moss extract in the research's location for use as a alternative for a insecticide over commercialese products due to its chemical value. And also, to find what substance does the green moss extract notation which has insecticidal properties over the termites, if ever. Most Filipino families will benefit from the study due to its abundance in any place which is damp; virtually, everywhere. It may also be mass produced and may be a source of income to the Philippines; export to other countries.Scope and Limitation The study will be dealing with the production of the bio-insecticide made out of the pure extract gathered from the green moss given the reason of the countless chemicals found in the commercialese insecticide and that the bio-insecticide is to Essen the usage of it by proving that the product has better mortality rate over pests, in this case, drowsy termites. The study will be limited on what type of tests shall the green moss extract bio-insecticide undergo. The study is also limited on using just the green moss as the resource for the study.Definition of Terms Bryophyte – a botanical division (phylum) of small, soft plants. Drowsy termites – creates colonies in wood, with no connection to the ground necessary. Green moss – A plant which may grow in all types of climate and grow on a variety of substrates. Insecticide- a chemical used against insects. REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE The potentiality of Nonage bark extract as an insecticide was conducted by Sheer Ann Alarming, Erectile Guessers, and Shannon Mayo through Photochemical Analy sis and Screen-House Experiment.For the Screen-House Experiment, four nonsectarian were constructed with them applied Treatment A (pure extract), B (extract with essential oil), C (Bacon), and D (Raid). Mortality rate and effectiveness of the extract were observed for two minutes y the researchers and the results were subjected to One-way Analysis of Variance (NOVA). As a result, in terms of the treatments effectively on mosquitoes, the pure extract is the most effective. On the other hand, Treatments A, C and D were effective against termites' and cockroaches.The researchers had bought to a conclusion that Nonage Bark Extract is effective and could be tapped as an alternative bio-insecticide in eliminating insects. In another research, by Amman Bengal, tackling on the Insecticidal effect of Thebe on common house mosquitoes, he stated that developers have had discovered that thebe oil contains insecticidal qualities as well although no toxicity as been reported present. He then made an experiment by introducing the concoction to twenty(20) common house mosquitoes to test the effectively of it and was then observed for twenty(20) minutes.The results brought the researcher to the conclusion that thebe contains an insecticidal effect on mosquitoes. Lastly, the researchers Gaylord and Clement had pondered over the effectiveness of cassava extract insecticide against termites and how it could be a substitute for the commercialese insecticides. The extract was then gathered and applied to twenty(20) termites inside a beaker; sprayed twice. After several trials and times measured, they used T-test to tabulate the data of the Cassava extract against the commercialese insecticide.They then concluded that the two have no significant difference and that the Cassava extract is effective and may be a substitute for the commercialese insecticide. METHODOLOGY Location of the Study The study was conducted inside the vicinity of the researcher's school, Calm City Science High School. The moss was gathered from Callahan, Laguna. Data Gathering Process The data was gathered after the application of the 100%, 50%, and 25% gradient incineration of the green moss extract, and the commercialese insecticide to the drowsy termites.The researcher had observed if there was a significant difference between the four (4) substances to the mortality rate of the drowsy termites. Statistical Analysis The data gathering technique to be used in the study by the researcher is the One-way analysis of variance that it may be used to two or more samples, by using the F-test, and must be numerical data. Since the samples are independent, they have equal variances, and that the insecticides are virtually distributed by the same assure, the study is applicable for a One-way NOVA.Instruments The researcher used the following materials to make the bio-insecticide made out of green moss extract. The raw materials that were used to create the product was green moss and water (for th e concentration of the extract). The other instruments used were mortar and pestle, to pulverize the moss and get the extract easier; beaker, as both a container and measurement tool for both the extract and commercialese insecticide; filter paper, in order not to get impurities to the extract; terrorized containers as where the drowsy termites would be put to; and sprayer for the distribution of the extract.A stopwatch will be used to measure the duration of the mortality of the drowsy termites. Procedure The researcher would first collect the materials for the experiment going with: 500 grams of moss; a beaker; a stirring rod; mortar and pestle; filter paper; patisseries; commercialese insecticide. The researcher would then be extracting the moss using the mortar and pestle and then be contained on a beaker through filter paper and funnel. After a short hill, the extract and the commercialese insecticide will then be applied to 3 set- ups each and having the extract decreased from 100% concentration to 50% and then to 25%.The results will then be gathered and tabulated after twenty(20) minutes using the â€Å"One-way analysis of variance† or the â€Å"One-way NOVA†. Summary and Conclusion This study was conducted to develop a bio-insecticide made out of green moss extract that may kill drowsy termites. The data was gathered by applying the different concentration of the green moss extract which was 100%, 50%, and 25%, including the commercialese insecticide to three (3) trials each containing ten (10) drowsy termites.With the given results that were computed from the gathered data, the researcher conclude that the alternative hypothesis, which states that the green moss extract would be an effective bio-insecticide on dry wood termites versus the commercialese insecticide by means of their mortality, is accepted the reason given that the F value is higher than the degrees of freedom thus stating that the alternative hypothesis is accepted. In a ddition, the researcher has tested and concluded that the extraneous arable of the moss extract to be acidic and that may have affected the termites' mortality is faulty.The green moss extract has a level of 8 pH which concludes that it is a basic substance and not an acidic substance. Recommendation The researcher recommends finding what exact content that the green moss extract has that had killed the drowsy termites. He recommends that when the specific content of the green moss extract that has a pesticides effect is found, use another type of moss. The researcher also recommends using the same type of moss but in another location having the reason of different nutrition of the moss.